@article { author = {Abedini, Mousa and Behnaz, Sarai}, title = {Investigation on the geomorphic evolution of the depositional planes via formation granolomerty, logs results and tectonic effects, Case study: Harzandat , Hadishahr, Golfarge planes}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Science Studies}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {6825-6837}, year = {2023}, publisher = {}, issn = {2588-6851}, eissn = {2645-520X}, doi = {10.22034/jess.2022.370843.1909}, abstract = {AbstractLand subsidence is one of the environmental hazards that are detrimental consequences cities, facilities, communications facilities and agricultural land in the long term. This research has done through field works such as sampling plains deposits, measuring the thickness of stratifications, the type of formations, granulometry and drawing related Charts with Imaging, reviews documents, experimental and laboratory methods. The maximum thickness of alluvial deposits accumulated (Quaternary) is more than 160 meters according to geological section at the highest level subsidence in Hadishahr plain and in Harzandat plain is more than 200 meters. Quaternary alluvium huge with large stones, associated with strong floods, especially in the early Holocene and violence roughness in the past is interpreted and explained. The thickness of materials along the Pir Eshagh-Zal valley from 20 meters in the village of Pir Eshagh is variable to 110 meters in the East Village of Zal. In fact, Harzandat , Hadishahr and Gollfaraj plains with an area 165 km2, are Graben cumulative plains where are develop and evolution within Horst fault zones. The form of structural stratifications of the plain and Horst following the directions of the lateral and vertical forces along with north-west folding have found faulting and due to tectonic uplifting and sinking the level of local area, the main channels have been cased the typical fluvial terraces at the top of the alluvial fan deposits with drilling and digging IntroductionLand subsidence is one of the environmental hazards that are detrimental consequences cities, facilities, communications facilities and agricultural land in the long term. This research has done through field works such as sampling plains deposits, measuring the thickness of stratifications, the type of formations, granulometry and drawing related Charts with Imaging, reviews documents, experimental and laboratory methods. One of the dangers facing the plains of the Iran country is the danger of land subsidence. Land subsidence is a phenomenon in which the earth's surface falls instantly (due to the compaction of sand aquifers) or gradually (due to the compaction of clay layers), causing cracks and fissures. On the ground and damage to surface structures (Abedini et al., 1400). Often in the area between two active faults, a part of the earth's surface gradually subsides, which is called a fallen part, called graben. In the lands of the plains and foothills, which are located at the subsidence site or in the Grabni tectonic zone, it is logical that the land use be done with detailed studies in terms of tectonic activities,On the other hand, by examining the characteristics of surface formations and Quaternary deposits of plains in terms of thickness, extent, composition and nature of their materials, we can easily understand the transport factors and the conditions of their deposition in Paleoclima and their tectonic problems. The phenomenon of subsidence is very important in environmental planning and different sciences related to the environment study it from different angles. Engineers of road construction, dam construction, urban planning, geomorphology, geophysics, geology, and hydrology are each involved in this phenomenon according to specific issues. This study focuses on tectonic subsidence in the Horst and Graben areas.Materiel and methodDue to the nature of the present study, which is purely geomorphological work, through field work such as sampling of various structures of plains and their granulometry, measuring the thickness of layers, determining the type of structures, photography, documentation, Experimental and laboratory. In this regard, American Shakir tools, aerial photographs 1: 55000, geological maps 1: 10000 and 1: 250000, topographic maps 1: 50000, logos of Sahra Kav Company and data of the regional water organization of the province East Azerbaijan has been used. Finally, the necessary data were analyzed; maps and diagrams were drawn using Excel and Spss software. In order to study the characteristics of deposits in terms of sorting, homogeneity, their transport processes and the condition of deposit environments, etc., surface structures were harvested from different parts of Hadishahr, Harzandat, Golfaraj, and From the terrace of the valley. After drying in the ironing machine and weighing the samples by digital scales in the geomorphology laboratory, the samples were granulometric by the seven Tomi shakers (sieve). Then the grain size graphs of the samples were drawn separately by Excel software. The results with the necessary calculations to determine the properties of the samples are given in Table (4). In order to prevent the increase of the volume of contents, only with a brief explanation of granulometry, the relationships of Mousavi Harami's book on sedimentology (2002: 67-74) were used.Results The studied graben plains with an area of about 160 square kilometers were formed as a result of tectonic activities among the horsts.The presence of many faults, erosion-sensitive and mainly folded sedimentary formations in the region and extensional faults in the mountain fronts on the one hand, and the rise of sedimentary sediments on the margins and tectonic subsidence of the plains in the region on the other hand are the reasons for the increase in deposition in the region.The various plains have been accumulated.As a result of tectonic uplift and receiving Quaternary sediments and deposits, it has caused the heaviness and subsidence of the sedimentary plains of Harzandat, Hadishehr and Golfarj.The maximum thickness of alluvial deposits accumulated (Quaternary) is more than 160 meters according to geological section at the highest level subsidence in Hadishahr plain and in Harzandat plain is more than 200 meters. Quaternary alluvium huge with large stones, associated with strong floods, especially in the early Holocene and violence roughness in the past is interpreted and explained. The thickness of materials along the Pir Eshagh-Zal valley from 20 meters in the village of Pir Eshagh is variable to 110 meters in the East Village of Zal. In fact, Harzandat, Hadishahr and Gollfaraj plains with an area 165 km2, are Graben cumulative plains where are develop and evolution within Horst fault zones. The form of structural stratifications of the plain and Horst following the directions of the lateral and vertical forces along with north-west folding have found faulting and due to tectonic uplifting and sinking the level of local area, the main channels have been cased the typical fluvial terraces at the top of the alluvial fan deposits with drilling and digging of its bed.Key words: tectonically subsidence, Harzandat and Hadishahr, granulometry, Graben and Horst}, keywords = {tectonically subsidence,Harzandat,Granulometry}, title_fa = {بررسی تکامل ژئومورفولوژی دشت‌های انباشتی، از طریق گرانولومتری سازند‌ها، نتایج لوگ‌ها و اثرات تکتونیک، مطالعه موردی : (دشت‌های هرزندات، هادیشهر و گلفرج)}, abstract_fa = {فرونشست زمین یکی از مخاطرات محیطی که در بلند مدت پیآمدهای مخربی بر شهرها، تأ‌سیسات، خطوط ارتباطی و اراضی کشاورزی دارد. این تحقیق از طریق کارهای میدانی از قبیل نمونه برداری نهشته‌های دشت‌ها، اندازه گیری ضخامت لایه‌ها، تعیین نوع سازندها، گرانولومتری، ترسیم نمودارهای مربوطه، عکسبرداری، بررسی‌های اسنادی، تجربی و آزمایشگاهی بعمل آمده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که حداکثر ضخامت مواد آبرفتی انباشته شده (کواترنر) در محل حداکثر سوبسیدانس دشت هادیشهر مطابق مقطع زمین‌شناسی بیش از 160 متر و در دشت هرزندات به بیش از 200 متر می‌باشد. وجود حجم عظیم آبرفت‌های دوران چهارم به همراه سنگهای بزرگ، در ارتباط با سیلاب‌های قوی، بویژه در اوایل هلوسن و خشونت ناهمواریها در گذشته بوده است. در طول دره پیراسحق- زال ضخامت مواد از 20 متر در روستای پیراسحق تا 110 متر در شرق روستای زال متغیر می‌باشد. دشت‌های هرزندات و هادیشهر و گلفرج با مساحت حدود 165 کیلومترمربع، در حقیقت دشت‌های انباشتی گرابنی می‌باشند که در بین مناطق گسلی بصورت هورست، شکل گرفته، تحول و تکوین یافته‌اند. فرم لایه‌های ساختمانی دشت و هورست‌ها به تبعیت از جهات فشارهای جانبی و عمودی همراه با چین خوردگی شمالی-جنوبی، گسل خوردگی پیدا کرده‌اند. بدلیل فرازش زمین‌ساختی و پائین رفتن سطح اساس محلی منطقه، آبراهه‌های اصلی باحفر و کاوش بستر خود منجر به پیدایش تراس‌های رودخانه‌ای تیپیک در بخش نهشته‌های راس مخروط افکنه‌ها شده اند}, keywords_fa = {" فرونشست تکتونیکی ",دشت هرزندات ",",گرانولومتری "}, url = {https://www.jess.ir/article_167918.html}, eprint = {https://www.jess.ir/article_167918_21543a656cd320177d211f74910105de.pdf} }