Feasibility of recycling PET plastic bottles in the tourism sector

One of the most profitable industries today is the tourism industry which is the first industry in many regions of the world and many earn a living through it. Tourism brings its own environmental pollution. Water bottles are one of the bulkiest wastes in this sector. In many natural environments, we encounter plastic waste and water bottles. In this research, the recycled polyethylene terephthalate from the bottles of the tourist sector and also the environmental issues related to it have been investigated. Recycled plastics have weaker properties than new materials, which can limit their use. Polyethylene terephthalate is a suitable choice for various applications due to its high engineering properties. This material has special uses due to its many advantages. On the other hand, despite having the ideal condition, for some engineering application has a problem such as fragility in low temperature, poor notch stress especially at low temperature and lower dimensional stability than polycarbonate. In this research, this problem, especially at the low temperatures, has been resolved by alloying with polycarbonate. In this research, the properties of the matrix have been improved by alloying the recycled polyethylene terephthalate matrix with polycarbonate. By using this method, the bottles that have been thrown away in nature could be recovered and returned to the production cycle.
Introduction
Nowadays, the tourism industry has become one of the most profitable economic sectors. This industry is directly related to economic, political and social conditions. Tourism causes economic growth, renovation and improvement of them (Hashmi et al., 2013). Although tourism has many positive effects on improving the livelihood of the residents of the regions, its negative effects are also so great that if we do not pay enough attention to it, it can bring many irreparable damages to the tourism region and even its residents. One of these cases is examining the limited capacities of the region's environmental resources, which lack of attention and proper management can bring serious risks to the region. Waste from plastic materials is one of the most important problems of human societies. Plastic bottles used to hold liquids. The highest amount of plastic material in the tourists belongs to these bottles. Finding a way to reuse these bottles will protect the environment and reduce waste volume.
Considering that the number of tourists in a region increases every year with various purposes such as trekking, mountain climbing, tourism, nature therapy, etc., proper management in these regions becomes more necessary. A principled and accurate tourism examines and properly manages indicators such as biodiversity, weather conditions, how to distribute water resources, how to properly manage the waste created during the tourism process, etc. (Cheramin et al., 2015). The negative effects of tourism can be assessed in the form of many negative effects on the physical environment, quality of life and ecological environment, etc. (Nasrabadi Varfiei, 2014). It is very difficult to supply the initial feed to produce any new polymer. Due to the existence of the initial feed for the production of the material, it can be taken to act that most areas or countries are excluded from the desired capability. If the preparation and production of polymer alloys does not require high investment, on the other hand, due to the presence of polymer raw materials with low investment in a short period of time, alloys with high properties and performance can be produced. Polyethylene recycling and its application in the alloy industry is the best option for the production of high value added materials for different applications in different industries. Polymers' alloy is a good way to develop materials with high properties and efficiency as well as a good way to added value added. The most important advantage of bottle recycling on the environment is the reuse of recyclable materials to reduce the volume of waste in the landfill. This helps reduce greenhouse gases that are the main cause of global warming. By reducing waste production, we will have less contamination in the environment. By recycling the product, less pressure is put on resources. The amount of contamination caused by the extraction of materials will be less. Carbon foot print also decrease significantly. In this article, the recycling of polyethylene terephthalates and its use in the alloy industry is one of the most widely used plastic that is mostly used in soda and mineral water bottles. Polytechnic terephthalates are due to their very high properties, especially chemical properties and proper flow, which can be produced in injectable molding with different dimensions and even subtle such as films and fibers from these materials. Most of this material is engineering. Due to their unique properties, this material is one of the engineering polymers, but producers use this material in the lower hand industries to produce disposable materials because of its low price.
Methodology
The polyethylene terephthalate bottles are crushed and turned into flakes. Recycled polyethylene terephthalate flakes should be completely mixed with polycarbonate before feeding into the extruder. To perform optimal mixing inside the exterior, the reaction requirements must be considered based on the conditions of the temperature profile test during the spiral.
Based on this formulation, R-PET/PC-based alloy can be investigated by combining different percentages of R-PET and PC. By changing the amount of R-PET weight percentage and in parallel changing the weight percentage of PC (increasing the amount of PC percentage), various properties of the obtained alloys were investigated.
Conclusion

As a result of mixing the recycled polyethylene terephthalate melt with a percentage composition above 70% with polycarbonate, it leads to an alloy with a homogeneous, miscible and compatible morphology. Therefore, from their alloying, synergistic properties are expected. Their alloying becomes synergic. That is, while the weaknesses of the recycled polyathylene matrix improved, on the other hand, some other properties are added to its main properties. The properties of this substance, especially at low temperatures, are eliminated by alloying with polycarbonate (PC). For this reason, the project will modify the properties of this material by alloying with a polymer that can provide the aforementioned conditions for the recyclable polyathiline matrix.