تحلیل فضایی نقش نیروهای ارتش در کاهش اثرات ناشی از بروز بلایای طبیعی (زلزله) (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان خوی)

Natural disasters are disastrous events in the atmosphere, land and water, which include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, floods and droughts. Natural disasters can start suddenly or gradually and have serious health, social and economic consequences. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. The required information was collected by document-library method, questionnaire and direct observation, which includes the information of the damaged rural areas of Khoi city in the earthquake of 1401 and the information collected by completing the questionnaire by the residents. In order to spatially analyze the damaged rural areas of Khoi city, the kernel technique, the average nearest neighbor distance model and the spatial analysis of hot spots were used in the ArcGIS software environment. Also, for the questionnaire analysis, the single-sample T test was used in the SPSS software environment. has been taken Based on the output of the spatial analysis of damaged rural areas using hot spots analysis and kernel technique in ArcGIS software environment, the central part and Firourq contain the highest percentage of damaged rural areas. Based on the results of the investigation of the role of the army forces in reducing the effects of the earthquake after the disaster from the residents' point of view, a large part of the residents believe the role of the army forces in the field of creating order and security, creating psychological peace and operations construction projects and the establishment of field hospitals agree to reduce the effects of earthquakes after the disaster.

Introduction
Disasters refer to any serious disruption in the functioning of a community or a society, including extensive human, material, economic or environmental damage and effects that are beyond the ability of that community or society to deal with it with available resources. In particular, natural disasters are the result of combining factors such as exposure to risk, the vulnerability of society and its insufficient capacity and measures to reduce potential negative effects; For example, earthquake, tornado, drought and flood are phenomena caused by natural disasters (Farrokhi, 2015: 145). Until today, the forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army have been sent to various areas to provide assistance after natural disasters for rescue and relief operations. Although recently, due to changes in the type of incidents and policies and many natural disasters, the role of these forces in providing assistance and relief has become prominent, but providing national security and peace has never been second in importance. The ability of the army forces in terms of being equipped with special and efficient tools and resources, including skilled and trained human forces, machinery and logistics facilities, is not hidden from anyone (Norouzi Aliai and Gholami, 1390: 9). Although the cooperation of the armed forces in relief operations is not new (airlift in Berlin 1948), military resources have been used in relief efforts after the 1991 monsoon in Bangladesh and Hurricane Mitch in Central America in 1998. The United States Army used military personnel in Hurricane Katrina relief in 2005. The British Army stepped in to help flood victims in the UK in 2007. After the earthquake in Sichuan Province in 2008, a large number of Chinese military forces provided relief and were stationed in the affected province.

Methodology
The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. The required information has been collected by documentary-library method, direct observation and a questionnaire (made by the researcher). which includes the information of the damaged rural areas of Khoi city in the earthquake of 1401 and the information collected through field collection. In order to analyze the data, the average nearest neighborhood distance model was used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of damaged rural areas, and the hot spot technique and kernel spatial density were used to analyze the high or low values of damaged rural areas in Khoi city by division. . Also, SPSS software environment has been used to analyze the collected data related to the questionnaire. To complete the questionnaire, the opinions of 270 residents of Khoi city whose houses were damaged in the 1401 earthquake were used.

Conclusion
According to the constitution and the principles of Islamic values governing the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the army is obliged to respond positively to the requests of the government in the event of natural disasters by maintaining its combat and relief capabilities and use its facilities to help the people caught in accidents. remove The ability of the J.A. Army forces in terms of being equipped with special and efficient tools and resources, including skilled and trained human forces, machines and logistics and readiness facilities, is not hidden from anyone. Command and control is a method for managing disasters based on which the army forces can play an important role in managing natural crises due to the mentioned abilities and equipment, as well as having command hierarchy and quick response in their organizational hierarchy. Due to the similarity of the effects of natural and military disasters in many cases, the presence of military forces in natural disasters can lead to an increase in the ability and readiness of the forces in case of natural disasters. Khoi city is one of the cities of West Azarbaijan province, which is considered the second most populated city of West Azarbaijan province after the capital of the province (Urmia). According to the maps of the damaged rural areas of Khoi city by section in the earthquake of 1401, it can be concluded that the central and Firourq sections have the highest percentage of damaged rural areas. As we move around from the epicenter of the earthquake, which is the central part of Khoi city, we see a decrease in the destruction of damaged buildings and rural areas in Khoi city. Based on the output of the spatial analysis of the hot spots of damaged rural areas in the ArcGIS software environment, these results are also proven, because the central part has the highest frequency of damaged rural areas in the 1401 Bahman earthquake. Now, the main issue is that what has been the role and relief of the J.A. Army forces in reducing the effects of natural disasters after the disaster in Khoi city? Have the army forces been able to act successfully in the field of relief? In response to the above questions and according to the results of completing the questionnaire by the residents of Khoi city, it can be said that, in the context of establishing order and security by the army forces, a large part of the residents are not satisfied with the role of the army in providing order and The organization of the survivors and their settlement in order to reduce the effects of the earthquake after the disaster are agreed upon. In the investigation of the relief preparedness of the army forces of J.A. using the views of the residents in Khoi city and the results of completing the questionnaire, most of the residents agree with the efforts of the army forces in the fair distribution of public aid with an average of (3.85). Also, in the same direction, the effect of informing the people about the earthquake and its aftershocks, civil and infrastructure operations and creating mental peace by the army forces in reducing the effects of the earthquake after the disaster in Khoi city from the residents' point of view. has been investigated. Based on the findings of the completion of the questionnaire and its analysis in the SPSS environment, it can be stated that, providing information about infectious diseases with an average of (3.48), establishing field hospitals with an average of (3.93) and The reduction of people's mental and emotional distress caused by the provision of life necessities with an average of (3.53) by the J.A. Army forces has had the greatest effect in reducing the effects of the earthquake after its occurrence in Khoi city.