شناسایی موانع و مشکلات دامپروری در منطقه جنوب کرمان و ارائه راهکارهایی برای توسعه آن با تأکید بر حفظ محیط زیست

Introduction
With the growth and development that has taken place in the world in the last few decades, especially in advanced countries in the improvement of livestock and poultry breeds, nutrition and health of livestock and processing industries and transformation of this sector, animal husbandry has been able to have a special place in the economy of these countries. verify for yourself. So that the share of added value of livestock products in some of these countries has reached more than 50% of the added value of their agricultural sector. Various reports have shown that among the different sectors of agriculture, the animal husbandry industry as one of the main sectors in terms of application in nutrition, clothing, creating employment, sports and riding, and foreign trade has a special place. Is. Therefore, it can be said that the development of animal husbandry industry is very important in every country. Agricultural products, including crops and livestock, which are referred to as agricultural products, are important in the first place because of the supply of the most basic goods needed by humans, i.e. food. In addition to this, as the experience of some countries such as Australia and Canada shows, the agricultural sector can be considered as the starting point of economic development. In addition to this, developed countries, by taking a major share of the production and experience of agricultural products (such as grains) in the world, have been able to gain significant foreign exchange every year, economically and politically, over other countries. Societies dominate. This is despite the fact that in many other countries, a major part of their active population is in the agricultural sector. Annually, large sums are allocated for the import of these products. Especially since the population growth rate in recent societies is usually higher than other countries, and therefore food supply for the growing population is often considered as a serious issue. In our country, the production of agricultural products as well as the issue of population have been given attention, especially in recent years. However, care for this part should continue continuously. It is obvious that the production of food products should be significantly developed in the future, and in order to achieve a significant progress, it is necessary that the production of food products has an annual growth of more than 4% from now. The main source of this annual growth is the increase in productivity in terms of level and time, which requires the use of new practices and technologies and conducting research according to the limited resources in each country. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating and identifying the obstacles and bottlenecks in the development of animal husbandry and providing solutions for its development in the south of Kerman province. Because identifying the existing problems on the way of animal husbandry is the best way to jump the agricultural industry of the region because this part is one of the important influencing factors in the agricultural sector.

Methodology
The present study is part of applied research in terms of purpose and quantitative research in terms of method. As the purpose of the research is to identify the bottlenecks in animal husbandry, so to get the answer, in addition to generalizing, establishing a close relationship with the subject is needed. Qualitative research is used to find complete and detailed information for selecting samples, collecting data, analyzing, drawing conclusions, and reaching research goals considering the research problem. The target population in the current research was 30 experts, including animal science experts (working in agricultural service centers related to the Agricultural Jihad Organization and the Agricultural Insurance Fund) and experienced professors in the field of animal husbandry in the south of Kerman province. These people were active in seven southern cities of Kerman province, including Jiroft, Anbarabad, Rudbar South, Manojan, Faryab, Kahnuj and Ghaleganj. The current research is part of applied research in terms of its purpose and quantitative research in terms of method. Hierarchical analysis method was used in this research. The questionnaire was prepared based on paired comparison, so the reliability of this questionnaire is based on the inconsistency rate. If the inconsistency rate is less than or equal to 0.1, there is compatibility in pairwise comparisons and the work can continue. Otherwise, the decision maker should reconsider the pairwise comparisons. In the present study, there was consistency in all the answers. Undoubtedly, the issue of choice is as old as human history. Therefore, the decision-making processes to choose the correct options from among the available options are an integral part of rational processes in human daily life. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods in which, based on a certain goal and using different criteria or metrics and giving weight to each of them, it is possible to Among the options or alternatives, choose the best or superior option for a specific purpose and rank the other options as well.

Conclusion
Based on the findings collected from the questionnaire, the financial obstacles have the highest weight and the promotion and educational obstacles, market obstacles and infrastructural obstacles are in the second to fourth positions of the obstacles to livestock development in the southern region of Kerman, respectively. Therefore, in the study area, according to experts, the most important problem of livestock farmers is financial obstacles. Among the sub-criteria of infrastructural obstacles, the lack of specialized animal husbandry equipment in animal husbandry units has been the most important sub-criteria according to the experts of south Kerman region. Also, the weakness of the pricing system and price control of inputs and products is the most important sub-criterion of market obstacles. Therefore, in order to reduce the problems of animal husbandry and the development of animal husbandry in the south of Kerman, the coordination and convergence of executive bodies such as agricultural, nomadic, veterinary, cooperative companies and non-governmental organizations should be increased with scientific and research discussions. The government should implement support measures, such as granting loans and grants for farmers who have lower incomes, guaranteed purchase of dairy products, the policy of stabilizing the prices of livestock products to increase their risk-taking and, as a result, the amount of dealing with economic obstacles in They increase. In the next stage, promoting new and scientific methods of livestock breeding, using appropriate methods of processing and enriching the by-products of farms, gardens and agricultural industries, improving and revitalizing pastures using scientific methods, breeding native livestock and increasing their production efficiency. (multiple births), supporting the development of industrial and semi-industrial units, supporting cooperative companies and trade unions, as well as providing support credits can help to solve the problems of livestock breeding in the region. On the other hand, the animal husbandry sector produces food, improves the level of agricultural production and provides services and economic goods, surplus and cash income. The integration of animal husbandry in agriculture creates stable annual employment. Also, the sale of livestock products provides the necessary capital for the purchase of agricultural inputs and in general any investment in the farm. And on the other hand, in the direction of livestock breeding, the provision of fodder and excessive grazing provides the ground for the destruction of the surrounding environment. By increasing the interaction of relevant institutions such as natural resources, watershed management and agriculture departments with the people, as well as holding educational-promotional courses, especially in the field of natural resources and sustainable exploitation of them, it is possible to increase their knowledge in this way. The path to increase their actions in the field of pasture protection needs to be paved and increased. Through financial support in the form of loans, credits and subsidies, poor villagers should be encouraged to use environmental resources in a principled and sustainable manner.