The effort to reduce the risks and threats against humans and the environment has led to research and research to find new materials and use them in soil and water purification, and clay minerals can be introduced as an effective example of such materials. Many researchers have studied the absorption of organic pollutants and the permeability of liners containing clay minerals. Among the pollutants, organophosphates are one of the most widely used and toxic compounds that are used as pesticides to protect agricultural products in today's world. These toxic compounds easily enter the human food chain and pose serious risks to the health of animals and humans or people who are exposed to low concentrations. Pollutant removal is a process by which pollutants are removed by suitable absorbents and reduced to a harmless or less toxic state for human health or the environment or less toxic compounds for cleaning polluted environments. Studies show that clay soils have a high ability to absorb toxins. During the research, clay minerals were tested in a set consisting of sand, bentonite, montmorillonite, and kaolinite to remove Phosalone and diazinon toxins. Samples impregnated with studied poisons were collected during the period of one day, one week, two weeks, three weeks, and four weeks and then analysis was done using an HPLC device. The analysis data of the device indicates the absorption of Phosalone and diazinon toxic pollutants in a significant amount (with a removal efficiency of 42.5%). Also, studies show that bentonite has a higher absorbency in removing toxic pollutants (by 58.3%) compared to other clay minerals. The results of the data show that the use of clay soils can play a significant role in removing environmental pollutants, including organophosphorus insecticides, including sewage, and soil.

Introduction
According to the definition of the American Society of Materials and Testing, clay refers to agglomerated natural minerals including hydrous aluminum phyllosilicates, which acquire plastic properties by adding enough moisture and become rigid upon drying. In the classification of soils, clay is placed in the fine-grained group. Clay particles are usually defined as smaller than 0.002 mm in size. But sometimes particles with a size of 0.002 to 0.005 mm may also be defined as clay. In soil mechanics, clays are said to be particles that, if mixed with a limited amount of water, exhibit pasty properties. Pastiness is the property of putty in the form of clay mixed with water (Meunier, 2006). The types of clay are: 1- Sedimentary clay: 2- Pellet clay: 3- Red clay, 4- Calcareous clay, and 5- Refractory clays. (Sun et al., 2019).
When clay is mixed with a certain amount of water, it becomes malleable, which among natural minerals, clay is the only material that has this property. This feature is due to the smallness of the particles in clay, which makes it slippery after mixing with water. The lenticular nature of clay particles has a great contribution to this property. In general, clay is used in the following cases: plant breeding, building, and construction, the ceramic industry, pottery and handicrafts, medicine (Sun et al., 2019), the paper industry, Construction of underground facilities, mining, geology (Gitipour et al, 1997) and so on have many applications (Jeffrey and Stephe, 1989).

One of the important properties of clay is its ability to absorb and interact with metal ions in the surrounding environment, for this reason this soil has an important place in the list of natural absorbents and can be used to separate heavy metal ions and organic compounds from water. He used an industry that is considered one of the most important challenges of modern civilization. Clay also plays a role in protecting the environment and it is used as an absorbent in the food industry and for clarifying some beverages (Rosouli et al., 2014).
The first known written reference to the use of clay dates back to Rome, 60 years BC. Aristotle mentioned the use of clay to treat diseases. In 2014, Poghina investigated the removal of cardboard wastes using clay. He acknowledged that by using the coagulation process with clay, it is possible to pre-treat cardboard waste; In such a way that with the use of this material, it is possible to provide a relative improvement in the quality of wastewater for biological treatment by spending less money than other conventional coagulant materials. COD/BOD5 ratio of wastewater after clay treatment has been reduced from 4.5 to about 3. Mehravaran and Ismaili (2013) studied the removal of pathogenic factors in underground water using clay. In the 2002 study of Virojangud and colleagues, the use of clay as a coagulant to increase the quality of the effluent from the activated sludge unit of the refinery was investigated.
In this study, the removal of diazinon and Phosalone toxic pollutants has been investigated using three types of selected clay: kaolinite, montmorionite, and bentonite.


Methodology
In order to achieve the goals of this project and in order to implement its various stages as accurately as possible, during a schedule, the properties of clay soils were investigated first. After preparing valid documents about soil and clay minerals, 3 clay samples with different types of minerals such as montmorillonite, kaolinite, and bentonite were prepared. Then sterile pilots were prepared from each of the soils in three containers to be tested at pH 7 and temperature 25 degrees Celsius. The selected poisons in this research are diazinon and Phosalone insecticides. The following substances were added to the samples in two stages. Then, in 5 steps, after one day, one week, two weeks, three weeks, and four weeks, samples were taken to measure the parameters with HPLC. Finally, the device analysis data were processed and interpreted with SPSS software.
Preparation of HPLC sample to examine the removal of toxins in different containers, 50 mg of mixed soil was sampled from each container and dried. After grinding the soil, it was mixed with 2 ml of acetonitrile and to extract the toxins, this mixture was placed in an ultrasonic device for 10 minutes. Finally, the samples were centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the excess material was filtered using a membrane filter. 20 microliters of each sample were injected into the HPLC device.
3-3- Instrumental analysis data In the present study, the standard solutions used in HPLC analysis to measure diazinon and Phosalone had concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 25.ng per microliter respectively. The calibration curves of diazinon and Phosalone poisons were made with correlation coefficients of 0.99954, 0.99994, and 0.99958, respectively. The HPLC mobile phase contained 80% acetonitrile and 20% H2O with a flow rate of 1 ml/min and a wavelength of 240 nm.


Conclusion
The effort to reduce the risks and threats against humans and the environment has led to research and research to find new materials and use them in soil and water purification, and clay minerals and organic clay can be introduced as efficient examples of such materials. Many researchers have studied the amount of absorption of organic pollutants and the amount of permeability of liners containing clay minerals and organic-friendly clays. During the research, clay minerals were tested in a set consisting of sand, bentonite, montmorillonite, and kaolinite. Absorption of Phosalone and diazinon toxic pollutants increases significantly (with 42.5% removal efficiency). Also, studies show that compared to other clay minerals, bentonite has a high absorption ability to remove toxic pollutants.
Keywords
"clay", "pollutant", "toxins", "diazinon", " Phosalone", "HPLC