EXTENDED ABSTRACT
Introduction
Copper deposits and signs of copper in Iran are closely related to magmatic complex younger than the Cretaceous. The general characteristics of these deposits are; A- Most of the copper deposits and mineral features in Iran belong to the Tershiri. B- Copper deposits and mineral signs are very rare in association with Cretaceous and older rocks. C- There is a definite relationship between copper deposits and mineralogical characteristics in Iran and igneous rocks, especially volcanic and semi-deep rocks with Eocene to Miocene age, with intermediate to acidic amalgamation. D- The variety of mineralization and temperature of formation of copper minerals is very wide. E- Mineral formation in the host rocks is veined, compacted, disseminated and scarified (Mohammadi et al., 1389; Khoei et al., 1387). In other words, geochemical exploration of waterway sediments is the recording of secondary auras, which is one of the most important exploration techniques.
Materials and methods
Kahdalan region is located in the south-west of Sarab city in East Azarbaijan province, north-west of Iran. This area is part of the northern part of the Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic zone and is part of the Tarem-Hashjin metallogenic belt. Kahdalan area is part of Ahar or Ahar-Jolfa metallurgical axis, which is different from other regions of Azerbaijan in terms of magmatic activity, mineralization and intensity of alteration. This metallurgical axis is one of the most precious metallurgical areas of Iran and it is comparable to Kerman region from the point of view of magmatic activity. But local changes are seen in the areas where phase C magmatism has been active, and these local changes are generally fertile and different from extensive changes. Geology of the study area: The Karachaman-Turkmenchai range is structurally considered to belong to the Urmia-Dokhtar zone, which is characterized by extensive Paleogene and Neogene volcanic-intrusive activities. The exploratory area of Kohdlan area is located in the middle 1:250000 sheet. Therefore, knowing the existing lithological units in the areas around the deposit helps to know the geology and technical condition of the exploration area. In terms of stratigraphy, the deposits in the area generally belong to the Eocene and later, and there are no rocks older than the Eocene in the investigated area.
Results and discussion
After proper filing, all raw data have been statistically analyzed by SPSS software. First, for each of the variables, their frequency histogram has been drawn. The table of statistical parameters of the studied variables in the region based on raw data is given in the appendices section. In this table, there are 13 statistical parameters including the number of samples used in the analysis, the number of samples not considered, mean, median, mode, standard deviation, skewness, skewness, Min, Max and values such as 25%, 50% and 75%. Abundance is given. where 50% frequency is equivalent to the median. Therefore, a total of 12 parameters are given in the above table for each variable. The abundance histogram of Cu: copper has an abnormal distribution and the maximum abundance is seen in low grades. And two stages of separation can be seen at 2% and 4%. Figure (4). Ag abundance histogram: Silver has a non-normal distribution and the highest abundance of this element corresponds to the lowest grade. Figure (5). The abundance histogram of Zn: Zn has a non-normal distribution and two stages of separation can be seen in the distribution. In this distribution, the highest frequency corresponds to the lowest grade. Figure (6). Pb abundance histogram: Pb has a close to normal distribution. And the grade close to 5ppm has the most abundance. Figure (7).
Conclusion
Considering the importance of this area in terms of mineral potential, detailed analysis of these data can be very useful for future exploration and mining plans. The importance of geochemistry in mineral exploration is because geochemistry studies the distribution of chemical elements in rocks, soils, waters and living organisms. In mineral exploration, geochemical analysis is used to identify areas with elemental anomalies that can indicate the presence of mineralization. Geochemical data provide us with valuable information about the type of mineralization, the size and shape of the deposit, as well as the geological processes involved in the formation of the deposit. Due to the rough topography of Kohdlan region, sampling was done irregularly and from geologically and tectonically prone areas. In order to make the anomaly maps of the elements more accurate and to know their distribution in the mother rock, it is suggested to design a more regular sampling network for lithogeochemical studies.
- - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - - -- - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - - -- - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - - -- - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - - -- - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - - -- - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -