بررسی وضعیت دسترسی به خدمات رفاه عمومی در نظام کاربری اراضی شهری (مطالعه موردی محلات اسکان غیررسمی شهر اردبیل)

Abstract
One of the goals of urban planning is to provide appropriate types of public services, so the quantity and quality of access to these services is one of the most important indicators to assess whether or not regions have urban land use facilities, which in the case of balanced distribution can lead to spatial justice. Accordingly, this study was conducted to investigate and assess the status of informal settlements in Ardabil in terms of public welfare services in the land use system and prioritize them for future planning. The research method is applied according to the purpose and in terms of nature and descriptive-analytical method. The data required for this study have been collected through field and documentary methods. The statistical population of the study corresponds to 15 neighborhoods of informal settlements in Ardabil. Excel and Spss software were used to analyze the data. Then, in order to assess the status of public welfare services, the target area was weighted using entropy method and ranked using Vikor technique, and finally, ArcGIS software was used to display it on the map. Based on the criteria used and the results of the implementation of the Vikor technique, among the informal settlements of Ardabil, Salmanabad neighborhood with the highest score and Iranabad neighborhood with the lowest score are in the first and last level, respectively. Findings of the study reflect that the most weakness and inadequacy among the studied indicators are related to green space uses as well as sports and recreation. Therefore, development-oriented planning in accordance with the strengths, weaknesses and priorities of each neighborhood is necessary.
Introduction
One of the consequences of accelerated urbanization is the imbalance and inequality of land uses in cities and between urban areas and districts. This inequality will lead to citizens' dissatisfaction with their lives and will lead to negative social consequences and complex spatial problems; Therefore, the use of municipal services is one of the principles of measuring the welfare of citizens. The rapid physical expansion of Ardabil in recent years due to its transformation into the center of the province on the one hand and the increase in urban population on the other hand, has created many problems for the city. The most important of these issues is the growth of the urban population beyond the implementation of urban development plans and spatio-social imbalance. This has caused the use of urban lands in this city to appear disproportionate and undesirable, and the structure and appearance of the city in a way indicates disproportion and homogeneity in important urban uses; This has led to some neighborhoods and areas of the city being in a better position in terms of access to services and some urban areas that are also at a high level in terms of population, in terms of distribution of services; This issue reaches its peak in the informal settlements of Ardabil city; Therefore, this study aims to analyze and rank the informal settlements in Ardabil by using the effective uses of public welfare services to identify the level of target neighborhoods in this area and strategies to achieve the desired status of municipal services in this city. to be presented. In this regard, in order to answer the question, what is the situation of informal settlements (15 neighborhoods) in Ardabil in terms of access to public welfare service indicators? The VIKOR technique is used.

Methodology
The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and applied in terms of purpose. It is a method of collecting documentary and field information and is considered as a quantitative research. The statistical population of the study is consistent with informal settlements in Ardabil, which according to the plans made in 1392, had 95,352 people, based on Cochran's formula, 382 people were selected as a sample. In order to increase the accuracy of work, 450 questionnaires (30 questionnaires for each neighborhood) were distributed and completed among the residents by random sampling method. Finally, the raw data table is indexed to be processed by Vickor decision-making technique. Shannon entropy method was used to weight the indicators during the mentioned technique. To measure the current status of public welfare services in urban land use Target areas have been used by 7 effective indicators (educational, green space, cultural, religious, health-medical, sports-recreational, commercial). It should be noted that the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using the opinion of professors and then its reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method of 0.814. The variables were also evaluated using a five-point Likert scale. In the next step, the neighborhoods were leveled using the VIKOR technique and ArcGIS software was used to display it on the map. The Viktor technique was first introduced by Apricovich in 1998 to solve multi-criteria decision-making problems and achieve the best agreement. In other words, this method is used to rank and select a set of options and determine compatible solutions to a problem with different criteria and helps decision makers to reach the desired solution for decision making. This method is used especially in situations where the decision maker is not able to express his preferences at the beginning of the system design. In this method, the decision maker needs a solution that is the closest solution to the ideal solution. This method is used when the decision maker is not able to identify and express the advantages of an issue at the time of its initiation and design, which evaluates issues with inappropriate and incompatible criteria.
Conclusion
According to the results of the Vikor model, the highest rank belongs to Salmanabad, Kazem Abad and Islam Abad neighborhoods, respectively, and the lowest rank belongs to Iranabad (Jane Kennedy) and Mehrabad neighborhoods. Also, according to this model, the neighborhoods of Panhabad and Mirasharf have the same ranks with a score (0.555). Based on field observations and information obtained from the questionnaire, one of the most important variables with a positive impact on Salmanabad neighborhood can be health-health uses such as: health house, dentistry, doctors' office, clinic, injection and dressing unit, etc., from Culturally, we can mention the Fajr Cultural Center, administratively, the establishment of the municipality of District 4 of Ardabil city and the banks in this neighborhood in comparison with other target neighborhoods. Also, the neighborhoods (Kazemabad, Islamabad, Neyar) are in a better situation than other target neighborhoods in terms of applications such as educational, health, religious, cultural, educational and retail business activities. In contrast, Iranabad and Mehrabad neighborhoods face serious problems in this regard. Iranabad neighborhood has the most shortage of informal settlements in Ardabil in terms of public and service uses.