تحلیل عدالت فضایی در توزیع کاربری اراضی در محلات شهر تبریز

Today, the discussion of social justice is at the center of urban studies in all related fields. Also, the realization of social justice in cities ultimately leads to citizens' satisfaction with their way of life and contributes significantly to political stability and national authority.In this regard, from a geographical point of view, social justice of the city is synonymous with equitable spatial distribution of facilities and resources between different areas of the city or different areas of an urban area and equal access to all of them because their lack of equitable equitable distribution of social crises and complex problems. Space will result. In this regard, the beginning of social justice is rooted in spatial and environmental justice. Given that urban services are considered as a type of public goods that are correctly estimated and located in the field of urban management, so it can not be deprived of part of urban society. Spatial justice is the equitable distribution of urban services and facilities in order to achieve a balanced society and one of the approaches to social justice. Lack of proper distribution of services will cause the loss of justice and increase citizens' dissatisfaction with their place of residence and city managers. Therefore, over the past decades with the increasing growth of urbanization in the world; Cities in developing countries, including Iran, have faced service imbalances and population disparities and unstable urban growth; Thus, the resulting instability is manifested in the form of spatial and social imbalances and with manifestations such as deprivation of citizens from urban services and facilities, increasing class gap and intensifying the differences between the north and south of the city, etc. Therefore, according to the concepts of spatial and social justice and to achieve these goals; Eliminating social and economic inequalities, reducing the vulnerability of low-income groups, optimal distribution of services and facilities, paying attention to the basic needs of citizens in cities is a vital and inevitable issue. Urban land use is one of the cases that increase the public interest by responding to the needs of the population by its optimal functioning; It plays an important role in this field. The negative effects of inadequate land allocation such as environmental degradation, social and economic segregation (injustice) and the dispersion of urban growth all emphasize the need to pay attention to sustainability in the land use planning and allocation process. Sustainable land use allocation has various social, economic and environmental dimensions, one of the most important components of its social dimension is the concept of justice.Achieving spatial justice in the distribution of urban services, for the fair allocation of social costs and equal use of environmental capacity, is one of the goals of urban planners.Therefore, the conscious action of urban management in the spatial distribution of social benefits to reduce spatial inequality and improve physical environmental quality and improve quality of life and achieve urban sustainability requires an analytical understanding of the current situation in which inequalities seek to allocate resources with the most desirable combination.With this description, the main essence of spatial justice in urban land use is justice in the spatial distribution and allocation of land uses. In this regard, urban uses and services are among the effective and useful factors that can establish the dimensions of spatial justice.The city of Tabriz is currently undergoing a rapidly increasing urbanization process. According to the latest studies of demographic changes in this city, the population of this city has always been increasing during the years 1335 to 1399. Therefore, according to the mission of urban planning, which is to provide and increase the welfare of citizens through a better, more favorable, healthier, more effective and more pleasant environment.The grounds for achieving this goal must be provided. Therefore, one of these goals is to observe spatial justice in the distribution of various urban uses in areas and neighborhoods for quick and easy access by citizens, which can be in the field of citizen participation, sustainable development of neighborhoods, increase social security, reduce costs. کا Transportation and ... reduced and provided hope to stay in different areas of Tabriz metropolis.One of the new approaches in the field of reform and development of the concept of urban development is spatial justice, which emphasizes that various urban programs, in addition to paying attention to physical and functional goals, must also meet the psychological and qualitative needs of citizens in urban living be accountable. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze spatial justice in the distribution of land use in the neighborhoods of Tabriz. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. The research area is the city of Tabriz. To collect the required data and information, library studies, especially the comprehensive and detailed plan of the city of Tabriz (approved in 2012) were used. The nearest neighborhood distance model and spatial coefficient (LQ) model were used to analyze data and information and answer research questions. The results showed that, in general, all surveyed land uses in Tabriz metropolis are often clustered and more scattered in the city center and citizens have to spend a lot of time and money to receive services, and spatial justice has not been observed in the distribution of land uses. In terms of per capita use, region 9 with the highest per capita (4.4102 per capita) is in the first place and region 10 with the lowest per capita (5.52) are in the last and tenth ranks and indicates an unbalanced distribution of land uses in Region 9. The results of spatial coefficient also showed that region 8 with the value of spatial coefficient is 47.98 in the rank of 1 and region 9 with the spatial coefficient of 8.25 is in the tenth rank in terms of spatial coefficient and it has a more unbalanced distribution of land uses than other areas, and spatial justice is much less in this area.
Keywords: Spatial justice, spatial analysis, spatial coefficient, land use, Tabriz